Assess the idea that globalisation leads Essay Example for Free

Survey the possibility that globalization drives Essay Globalization prompts transnational associations, for example, the European Union and the United Nations. Additionally transnational organizations, for example, Nike. Globalization additionally prompts the improvements in new innovations, for example, web, fiber optics, and fly planes, this implies there can be a moment connect between one individual looking on the web around one explicit culture and discovering all that they have to know while before this was impractical. This prompts the relativity of truth, the decrease in Meta accounts and furthermore mass the travel industry. These transnational organizations, for example, Nike, Ford, Enron and so forth all reason advancements around the globe because of the way that they can move around openly around the world. This is called modern movement. Large organizations, for example, these transition to places where work is modest and they manufacture enormous, new improvements, for example, downtown areas with huge mechanical structures, and mines where they can misuse the nearby societies. A case of this would be the kayapo, where they found that a gold mine was arranged on their property thus they bunch was along these lines part in two as one gathering needed to offer the gold to the huge partnerships and get riches for it, though the other half would not like to offer their territory to the outsiders thus the way of life of the kayapo was annihilated and the mechanical organizations misused the local kayapos for their excess worth. These advancements additionally spread to spots, for example, preservation stops, for example, in Peru where the consecrated ground of the michu pichu was made into a world legacy site thus the michu pichus couldn't bear the cost of the passage cost thus couldn't love or offer their appreciation, even on a Sunday when the section costs are removed there is no quietness thus they can't implore still. In this way this implied the way of life of the michu pichus has separated and the principle convictions of their way of life have been detracted from them thus prompting the moderate annihilation of that culture. A comparative thing has occurred in the safari stops in Botswana where bushmen where pushed off their territories unreasonably to prepare for rich privileged sightseers who need to chase ‘big game’. So the Bushmen who lived in harmony with the creatures had to work for the safari park as officers and aides for the voyagers who pushed the locals off their territory changing their way of life from tracker finders to free enterprise laborers. A comparable thing has happened to ayers rock in Australia where for sixty thousand years the local natives offered their appreciation to the stone, where they accepted that it is the place the spirits of their precursors follow they pass on and the stone has been transformed into a different universe legacy territory where numerous vacationers come to see and insolence the stone by climbing on top of it. This has made it progressively hard for the native individuals to offer their appreciation to their predecessors as there are numerous individuals around constantly and disregarding it regularly. The masaai Mara where employed by the mayers to play out their local moves for the mayers ordinary visitors. The Mayers established the gathering to show the masaai in their customary culture, houses, and dress product, yet were seriously abused by the Mayers for their overflow an incentive as they were not paid appropriately rather were given food and informed that the food that they eat and the way that they live in the Mayers habitation was installment enough. The Mayers recruited the masaai as the western sightseers needed to see firsthand the social convictions, and furthermore customs in a conventional way, in any event, when it was their precursors who had purposefully annihilated the way of life of the masaai. The Mayers home was shut down as the administration imagined that the Mayers were misusing the masaai dreadfully gravely thus shut them down. The misuse of the masaai is dominion as the masaai individuals were employed as practically slaves and made to work for the individuals who had removed their way of life in any case however made the masaai people show their conventional moves and way of life.

Bureaucracyr Organizational Free Essays

As per Max Weber, ‘Bureaucracy’ implies a halfway coordinated, methodicallly sorted out and progressively organized staff dedicated to the ordinary, daily schedule and effective completing of enormous scope authoritative assignments as indicated by arrangements directed by, rulers or executives remaining outside or more the organization. Such a staff, as Weber appropriately observed, will in general become rule-bound, practically particular, lifting indifference and esprit de corps. Be that as it may, ‘bureaucracy’ has likewise implied something contrary to authoritative effectiveness and powerful incorporated control: formality, gradualness of technique, hesitance to take a choice, the superfluous augmentation of individuals, rules and structures †an undertone accomplished by singling out for consideration ominous optional highlights or inclinations of bureaucratic structures. We will compose a custom article test on Bureaucracyr Organizational or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now The term ‘bureaucracy’ has been remembered for, yet in addition appeared differently in relation to, the more broad idea of organization. Once in a while this is finished by considering organization to be a formal and indifferent method of organization, now and then by considering organization to be that type of organization where overseers (the civil servants, the authorities) have become the genuine rulers, arrogating to themselves benefit, force and control. An Organizational structure characterizes how occupation assignments are officially isolated, assembled and facilitated. The principle components to consider while planning a hierarchical structure are Work Specialization, departmentalization, levels of leadership, range of control, centralization and decentralization and formalization. The most widely recognized Organizational structures found being used are ? Straightforward or Flat structure ? The Bureaucracy ? The Matrix structure ? The Team Structure ? The Virtual Organization ? The Boundaryless Organization The paper examines the significant points of interest of all the above structures and all are contrasted and administration and the genuine commitment of organization is shown up toward the finish of conversation. At that point the job of administration in improving the proficiency of the association is explained. The effect of a low level organization is then examined and its job in productivity is talked about. At that point the effects of significant level administration are examined. At long last, the paper finishes up by expressing that a moderate degree of administration is useful for expanding the productivity of the association. Points of interest and Disadvantages of different Organizational plans The basic structure is portrayed by a low level of departmentalization, wide ranges of control, authority brought together in a solitary individual, and little formalization. The quality of the straightforward structure lies in its effortlessness. It’s quick, adaptable and modest to keep up and responsibility is clear. One significant shortcoming is that it is hard to keep up in something besides a little association. The dynamic turns out to be delayed as the association develops in size in view of its low formalization and high centralization. An organization is portrayed by profoundly routine working undertakings accomplished through specialization, much formalized guidelines and guidelines, errands that are gathered into practical offices, incorporated position, tight ranges of control, and dynamic that follows the levels of leadership. The essential quality of administration lies in its capacity to perform normalized exercises in an exceptionally proficient way. One of the significant shortcoming of this structure is that it causes departmental clashes and profoundly resolute continually adhering to the standards. There is no space for change The Matrix structure is described by double lines of power and consolidates item and utilitarian departmentalization. IBM embraces a changed adaptation of the lattice structure in its general activities. The quality of this structure lies in its capacity to encourage coordination and productive assignment of experts. The significant drawback lies in the disarray it makes, its flourishing to encourage power battles, and the pressure it puts on people. The Team structure utilizes groups as the focal gadget to organize work exercises. Organizations like DaimlerChrysler, Saturn, Motorola and Xerox have utilized self-guided groups to improve profitability at the operational level. In littler organizations, the group structure can characterize the whole association. For example, Imedia, a 30 man promoting firm in New Jersey is totally sorted out around groups. This structure is profoundly inadmissible for enormous organizations. A Virtual association is a little center association that out sources significant business capacities. Ancle Hsu and David Ji run a virtual association. Their firm, California based Apex Digital, is one of the world’s biggest makers of DVD Players, yet the organization neither possesses a processing plant nor utilizes an architect. They contract everything out to firms in China. This is reasonable for little and huge associations. The significant bit of leeway is the adaptability and the impediment is absence of administrative control in key parts of business. The Boundaryless association is an association that tries to take out the levels of leadership, have boundless ranges of control, and supplant divisions with enabled groups. The conversation of different authoritative structures demonstrates the adaptability and versatile nature of different plans contrasted with Bureaucracy. This likewise uncovers much of the time, Bureaucracy is acceptable when the shortcomings of the plans are contemplated. Job of Bureaucracy in improving the proficiency of the association The Primary quality of organization lies in assembling like claims to fame in useful divisions brings about financial aspects of scale, least duplication of faculty and types of gear, and representatives who have the chance to talk â€Å" the equivalent language† among their friends. Further more, administration can get by pleasantly with less gifted †and consequently, less exorbitant center and lower level administrators. The inescapability of rules and guidelines substitutes for administrative tact. Normalized activity, combined with high formalization, permit dynamic to be brought together. There is little need in this way, for creative and experienced chiefs beneath the degree of senior administrators. This radically reduces expenses for the endeavor and improves the productivity level definitely by acquiring significant levels of economies of scale and spending less on representatives. The administration is effective just as long as representatives face issues that they have recently experienced and for which customized choice guidelines have just been built up. Effect of a low degree of administration A low degree of organization brings about tremendous absence of control. Workers are at their will and dynamic turns into an unwieldy errand. There will be a great deal of remarkable requests and the work routine will be path underneath the normal level. This impressively diminishes the effectiveness of the association. In uncommon cases, representatives assume up liability and accomplish targets. Effect of an elevated level of administration A significant level of administration is exceptionally impeding to the development of the association. This makes the workers to create work weakness and they feel to be ceaselessly observed. Elevated level of administration is described by giving requests and a rationale to follow. There will be a ton of undesirable works and valuable time will be spent in duplication of a similar work in different degrees of the association. This checks advancement and imagination prompting routine occupations and in the long run prompts worker weariness. There will be no kind of a worker association in this circumstance. Representatives work for extended periods of time however the yield will be path beneath the norms and there will be no inspiration systems to help the workers. This at long last outcomes in representative turnover. In this way, an elevated level of organization is to be stayed away from as it might stimulate the workers against the administration of the organization. Shortcoming of Bureaucracy One of the significant shortcomings of an administration is delineated in the accompanying exchange between four administrators in a single organization: â€Å"Ya Know, nothing occurs in this spot until we produce something, â€Å"said the creation official. Wrong remarked the innovative work supervisor, â€Å"Nothing occurs until we structure something†. â€Å"What would you say you are discussing? † asked the advertising official. â€Å"Nothing occurs here until we sell something†. At last, the exasperated bookkeeping administrator reacted, â€Å"It doesn't make a difference what you produce, structure, or sell. Presently one realizes what happens we count up the outcomes! † This discussion focuses at the way that specialization makes subunit clashes. Utilitarian unit objectives can abrogate the general objectives of association. The other significant shortcoming of an administration is something managing the individuals who work in these associations: over the top worry with observing the standards. At the point when cases emerge that don't definitely fit the guidelines, there is no space for change. End Administration is productive to the association just when a moderate level exists. Both a low degree of administration and a significant level of organization will bring about the wasteful activity of the endeavor without completely using the assets of the organization. A moderate degree of administration will guarantee that control systems are set up and that representatives are accomplishing their objectives. This additionally permits the limitation of forcing rules and strategies to the representatives and causing fatigue. At the point when an immersion point is reached, administration contributes significantly to improving the productivity of the association to an incredible level. Reference: †¢ Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behavior, Tenth Edition, Prentice Hall of India. Pg. 425-446, Pg. 523-535. †¢ Garry Dessler, Human Resource Management, Eastern Economy release. Pg 465-479. †¢ Randy L. Desimone,

HellBound Bloggers Reloaded!

HellBound Bloggers Reloaded! Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!HellBound Bloggers Reloaded!Updated On 17/04/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : EditorialShort URL : http://hbb.me/2oz92J1 CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogAs I told you before Changes are unavoidable and inevitable, remember Thesis Makeover? This New Themes name is Bureau News. Have to appreciate both the designer and the design. Kudos. I customized the theme to the needs of myself and HBB. Overall the images in the theme are less than 10 KB. Thats quite encouraging since Google Search Rankings Considers Site Speed. I also removed many plugins and replaced them with codes.Global StatisticsTotal HTTP Requests : 37Website Size : 29.5 KBTotal loading time : 5.8 secondsTotal objects : 40 (195.6 KB)Source : Pingdom ToolsHellBound Bloggers was successfully checked as XHTML 1.0 Transitional (as of now :P). Our new theme contains valid XHTML and HTML.Source : W3C Markup Valida torYou can also check this article, 20+ Tips To Improve Your Blog’s Loading Speed.I used Thesis 1.7 for HBB previously, but had only Personal License.Personal License Use of Thesis on one live website and one localized development server.And am working on a big project right now, so thought of using Thesis on that website. But if Time and Money favors, Ill buy the Developers License, which allows me to use Thesis on sites that I own.I have more plans for a better design, hopefully very soon. Have to improvise the logo and some other sections of the blog. All I can say is keep reading and you should be pleasantly surprised shortly.READHellBound Bloggers Gets A Thesis MakeoverYeah, your feedback is greatly appreciated!

Memorizing Lines - Memorization Tips

From time to time you will be required to memorize lines for a play, a speech, or a skit of some kind. For some students this will come easily, but others may experience anxiety at the thought of memorizing lines. The first task is to separate out any anxiety about speaking in front of others and deal with that apart from the actual memorization process. Realize that memorizing is one source of concern, and speaking to a group is another. Focus on one issue at a time. Just knowing this will ease some of your worry and give you more of a sense of control. We worry about things when they feel out of our control. Memorizing Lines The best single advice for memorizing anything is to study in a way that appeals to as many senses as you can. By seeing, hearing, feeling, and even smelling your material, you reinforce it in your brain. There are several ways to reinforce information through your senses. Your best bet is to combine three of these techniques. Youll find that some techniques are appropriate for your specific assignment and others are not. Memorizing With Sight Visual prompts act as a great tool for reinforcing information and committing them to memory. Use flash cards. Put all your prompts on one side and your lines on the other.Draw a series of pictures that represent your speech or your lines. Remember picture stories from preschool? Be very creative and think of a picture story to go along with your lines. After youve created your picture story, go back and say your lines as you look at the pictures.Say your lines in front of a mirror and move your face or your arms a special way to emphasize specific words or passages.If your lines come in the form of a script, cover over other actors lines with strips of sticky note. This makes your own lines stand out on the page. Read them over several times.Visualize other actors faces saying your cues and follow with your own lines that follow the cues.Use your smart phone to video yourself saying your lines and watch it. Then repeat if necessary. Memorizing With Feeling Feelings can be internal (emotional) or external (tactile). Either type of experience will reinforce your information. Write out your lines. The act of writing the words provides very strong reinforcement.Carry your script or speech with you at all times and read the full text when you get a chance to get a strong emotional feel for it.Get to know your character. Understand why you say and do what you do.Act out your lines as you say them, even if this is an unemotional speech. You can so this in front of a mirror and  exaggerate your words with dramatic gestures. Of course, you dont want to do this during your actual speech, but you will be thinking about it.Try memorizing backward, from end to start. This separates the emotion from the words. Then read the text from start to finish, with feeling. This technique reinforces the emotional aspect.Learn to think like your character (get a feel for him or her). This can save you if you forget your lines on stage. Simply think like the character and say what he would say as close to the real lines as possible. Memorizing With Sound Sound is a very effective tool for memorization. There are a few different ways to incorporate sound into your memorization skills. Read the script and record the lines of the other performers and leave the microphone off as you read your own lines. This leaves blank air space for your lines. Go back and practice saying your own lines at the appropriate times.Record your lines with exaggerated vocal expressions. You may even want to yell your words. Exaggerations leave big imprints in your brain.Record the entire play or performance during a rehearsal.Carry your recorder with you and listen to it as often as you can.

Mark Twains Top 10 Writing Tips

Widely regarded as the greatest American writer of his time, Mark Twain was often asked for advice on the art and craft of writing. Sometimes the famous humorist would respond seriously, and sometimes not. Here, in remarks drawn from his letters, essays, novels, and speeches are 10 of Twains most memorable observations on the writers craft. 10 Tips From Twain Get your facts first, and then you can distort them as much as you please.Use the right word, not its second cousin.As to the Adjective: when in doubt, strike it out.You need not expect to get your book right the first time. Go to work and revamp or rewrite it. God only exhibits his thunder and lightning at intervals, and so they always command attention. These are Gods adjectives. You thunder and lightning too much; the reader ceases to get under the bed, by and by.Substitute damn every time youre inclined to write very; your editor will delete it and the writing will be just as it should be.Use good grammar.Damnation (if you will allow the expression), get up take a turn around the block let the sentiment blow off you. Sentiment is for girls. . . . There is one thing I cant stand and wont stand, from many people. That is, sham sentimentality.Use plain, simple language, short words and brief sentences. That is the way to write English--it is the modern way and the best way. Stick to it; dont let fluff and flowers and verbosity creep in.The time to begin writing an article is when you have finished it to your satisfaction. By that time you begin to clearly and logically perceive what it is that you really want to say.Write without pay until somebody offers pay. If nobody offers within three years, the candidate may look upon this circumstance with the most implicit confidence as the sign that sawing wood is what he was intended for. Sources:1. Quoted by Rudyard Kipling in From Sea to Sea (1899) 2. Fenimore Coopers Literary Offences (1895) 3. Puddnhead Wilson (1894) 4. Letter to Orion Clemens (March 1878) 5. frequently attributed to Twain, but the source is unknown 6. Fenimore Coopers Literary Offences (1895) 7. Letter to Will Bowen (1876) 8. Letter to D. W. Bowser (March 1880) 9. Mark Twains Notebook: 1902-1903 10. Mark Twains General Reply

International business Essays - 814 Words

Protectionism in the global economy The global economy has seen a dramatic increase in services trade between countries. The regulation and monitoring of service trade between countries has become much harder. As highlighted by Johnson, trading in services was the fastest growing constituent of global trade during the 80’s and 90’s. Cross border transactions include anything from banking to software. When services are offered to another country, the provider has to interact with the customer through either, cross border communications, movement of the provider or the consumer moving to the supplier’s state of residence. Technology has made international trade much easier and more feasible; this has lead countries to boost services being†¦show more content†¦A good example can be telecommunication services, which are regulated by some governments. This has been a burden on the service market, and organizations like the WTO has tried to interfere with some countries’ policies in order to reform domestic telecommunications and lift protection efforts. On the other hand, when we speak of services in general, there are several ways of implementing forms of protection on services coming in, such as, Quotas and Prohibitions: This form of protectionism imposes a quota on the service provider. Protection methods like this are most likely put on service monopolies which can affect the domestic economy. There are also prohibitions in some countries’ because some service providers may provide services harmful to the countries moral and cultural values. Such services like the internet need to be regulated by the government because of the pornographic content which can be found online. Price Based Instruments: Some monopolies may charge or implement unfair prices to consumers, this can also affect the country when there are unfair prices. The state can then interfere and control high prices set by companies. The state will try to ensure that services can be used by most people at an affordable price. Standards and Licensing: Service providers looking to set up at some countries’ may need to present a certain level of standards. This highlights the importance ofShow MoreRelatedInternational Business Ventures2671 Words   |  11 PagesInternational Business Ventures Measuring a potential business venture has many aspects which the international manager must be aware of in order to convey the correct information back to the decision makers. Being ignorant to any of the aspects can lead to a false representation of the project, and hence an uninformed decision being passed. In order for a business to survive it must grow. For growth to be optimal, management must first be able to identify the most attractive prospective leadsRead MoreChallenges of International Business Management1037 Words   |  5 PagesCHALLENGES OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT What are the challenges of International Business Management? International business management is a term that is used collectively to describe all commercial transactions which include; †¢ Private †¢ Governmental †¢ Sales †¢ Investments †¢ Transportation The above take place between two or more nations. It involves all business activities which partake in cross border activities of goods, services and resources between nations. PrivateRead MoreInternational Business1578 Words   |  7 PagesInternational business contains all business transactions private and governmental, sales, investments, logistics, and transportation that happen between two or more regions, nations and countries beyond their political limits. Generally, private companies undertake such transactions for profit governments undertake them for profit and for political reasons. It refers to all those business activities which involve cross border transactions of goods, services, resources between two or more nationsRead MoreInternational Business And International Marketing1457 Words   |  6 PagesInternational business compares all commercial transactions like private and government, investments and sales and transportation which take place between two or more regions , nations and countries beyond their political boundries.simply international business is exchange of goods and services among business and individual in multiple count ries. International business such as an essential subject for students around the world because international business is vital ingredient in entrepreneurshipRead MoreInfluential Factors of International Business and International Business Environment4145 Words   |  17 PagesA Business Growth and Strategy Project On INFLUENTIAL FACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT By: Ankit D Jethani 6937 Business Environment consist of every factors influential to the business operations. These factors are classified into two broad categories. These are: a) External or UncontrollableRead MoreInternational Business Environment6667 Words   |  27 PagesModule specification INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Code: PGBM04 Credits: 15 Level: Masters FBL, Business School Board: Postgraduate Business Studies Learning Hours: 150 of which 30 CONTACT hours Rationale 1. The international business environment is multi-dimensional, including economic, political, socio-cultural and technological influences. While each can be viewed in specific national settings, increasingly they have become interrelated through processes of globalisation. In particularRead MoreInternational Business5797 Words   |  24 Pagesof world output and world exports accounted for by the United States and other long-established developed nations is unlikely. FALSE 23. (p. 21) A current trend in international business is the growth of medium-sized and small multinationals, known as mini-multinationals. TRUE 24. (p. 22) Today, the risks involved in doing business in countries such as Russia are low, but so are the returns. FALSE 25. (p. 23) If the free market reforms in China continue for two more decades, China may move fromRead MoreInternational Trade As A Tool For International Business1707 Words   |  7 Pagesfourteen asks some very important questions regarding international trade as SME and MNE evolve globally due to technology. Therefore as international business continues to evolve companies are find easier ways to find importers and exporters from the comfort of their offices without the costly methods of travel and due diligences trying to find reputable companies to handle their needs. Using a variety of sources I will analyze international trade through the use of websites and go into detail aboutRead MoreBusiness Administration International Business Essay1784 Words   |  8 PagesBUSINESS ADMINISTRATION amp; INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS In the literal meaning, Business refers to an organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. Business Administration has over the years taken the form of a formal field of knowledge, besides engineering medical and even closely-related Economics. In the 20th century, with the development and growth of business schools in America and Europe, the dynamics of business administration changed. With more research conductedRead MoreThe Problem Of International Business842 Words   |  4 Pages International business c Trade occurring between one or more countries worldwide. Balance of trade Difference in value of a countries imported and exported goods. Balance of payments Also known as BOP, is the monitoring of all international money transactions during specific times. Global dependency The dependency of one nation to another. Competitive advantage The advantage a company has over its competitors, allowing them to achieve greater

Argumentative Topic Proposal (Womens Language in Womens Writings)

Question: Discuss about the Report on Argumentative Topic Proposal (Womens Language in Womens Writings)? Answer: Introduction Helen Cixous in her The Laugh of the Medusa, for the first time coined the term ecriture feminine. According to Cixous, women should have their language of their own, which she regarded as the ecriture feminine. According to psychoanalyst like Jacques Lacan and Sigmund Freud, there is a lack in a woman because the woman lacks the phallus. Thus, according to Freud the unconscious of the women is less repressed and thus tend to be more immoral and more irrational than the man (Sayers, Janet and Deborah). Cixous challenges the view and proposed for the language of woman, according to Cixous the language used in writing has always favored the men and has favored the laws of the men. Ecriture Feminine Sexuality of the women has always been repressed and it has always been the world of women. People like Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Hlne Cixous, and Monique Witting, challenges the oppressive view of the phallogocentric Western culture. According to these people, or according to these women the repression that a women experience during the infancy period and during the phase of later sexuality, is not been expressed through jouissance, or through the direct re-experiencing of the physical pleasures (Christie). Kristeva, although limits herself until this point, such is not the case with the others. Women are seen either as a wife or as a mother, or they are seen as virgin or a prostitute. Therefore, the role of the women is always restricted as well as constructed, which these feminist scholars are opposing. As per the statements made by Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, Hlne Cixous, and Monique Witting, it can be said that this kind of restriction has resulted in a great impact on t he writing style of women. Therefore, before analyzing the womens writing it is important to analyze the reason behind that particular writing style. On the other hand, the scholars, although had a similar agenda the path shown by them or rather their thoughts are different (Kamuf). Hlne Cixous proposed a language for the women, which will allow the women to express themselves, in the phallogocentric world or culture; while Kristeva believes that womens writing is similar to the writings of a hysteric because their writings stand out of the male world and while she supports the semiotic writings of Joyce, Cixous has a very different view. Cixous as if Kristeva has always liked the, authors like Joyce, whose texts could be referred as anti-phallocentric (Henke) Cixous, although, favors the writing of Joyce, yet she has a thought and that is she thinks that the unconscious of a woman is very different from the unconscious of a man. Cixous believes that the psychosexuality of the women is different from that from that of a woman, and therefore, the women could use this psychosexuality to empower themselves. Cixous also believes that with the help of their own psychosexuality, women could create their own discourse (Kamuf). Therefore, as per the arguments made by Kr isteva and Cixous, it can be said that the writing of Joyce is unique while Joyce has established the positive power of women in aspect of psychosexuality. It can also be seen from the arguments that the sexual differentiation between men and women has impacted the writing of women in such a way so that several women writer has been able to come up with their positivity in the psychosexual aspect. Conclusion Now, it is important to make some kind of argument in order to a conclusion based on the discussion of the whole study. The laws of male sexuality has led to the suffering of women and Cixous is that person who had a knowledge of these series of women suffering and who had analyzed the sufferings as well. Therefore, Cixous believe in a different id-liberated feminine discourse, and she also believes that if the women could create their own discourse with the help of their own psychosexuality then that would help them to over throw the ideology that the male sexuality has constructed. References Christie, Alex. "No Gates, No Locks, No Bolts: Feminist Politics and Information Access in the Digital Realm Aimee Armande Wilson, Indiana University of Pennsylvania awilson@ iup. edu November 19, 2015." (2015). Henke, Suzette A.James Joyce and the politics of desire. Routledge, 2015. Kamuf, Peggy. "Hlne Cixous: Writing for Her Life."Literature and the Development of Feminist Theory(2015): 128. Sayers, Janet Grace, and Deborah Jones. "Truth Scribbled in Blood: Women's Work, Menstruation and Poetry."Gender, Work Organization22.2 (2015): 94-111.

Economic Deflation in the Euro Zone

Introduction Between 2009 and 2011, the entire world experienced a global recession that decreased the purchasing power of most people. The trend mostly affected the US; an idea borrowed from the initial crisis experienced in Europe. Notably, the number of people who spent on luxurious goods and services was minimal.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Economic Deflation in the Euro Zone specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most statisticians establish that the cause of the great recession, which the society felt a little later in 2008 was because many banks issued loans to clients enabling them to flood the real estate business. Mortgages became affordable in East Asia, the US, and the Euro zone. Most investors constructed houses whose occupants they are less likely to establish even today. When the world overcame the global financial crisis (GFC) in 2011, most banks including the European Central Bank (ECB) decided to lower its loan interests in order to accommodate the rising needs of borrowers within the euro zone (Ferrero 2014). In turn, the bank that largely depends on taxation, lending, and borrowing fails to achieve its objective in the society. The paper intends to explain how reduction in the prices of goods and services after the GFC is likely to cause a major deflation, and efforts underway to avoid the trend at the microeconomic and macroeconomic level. Deflation Economists equate deflation to a period in which the demand for goods and services grows because of a decrease in prices. They associate deflation with a falling aggregate demand (AD) and an increase in the aggregate supply (AS) (Gnos and Rochon 2011, p. 103). It results in an increase in the potential GDP over the actual GDP of a country. It means that a market experiencing high rates of deflation have high supply of commodities, which emanates from an increase in the purchasing power because of decreased prices. The followi ng illustrations explain how a decrease in the prices of goods and services influences the purchase decisions, which results in an increase in supply. Causes of deflation are assumptions made by different economists because it occurs differently across diverse regions. Two possible causes are a fall in aggregate demand and an increase in aggregate supply (The autumn statement: ‘Tis not the season 2014). The illustration summarises the fact that when manufacturers increase the production of different products and services, they should match the same with consumer demand.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At the microeconomic level, consumers find economic stimulus in price, place, product, and promotion (Jones 2014). The four elements of marketing are very important in determining consumer decision, but the price strategy is an obvious catch when marketers seek to increa se the demand levels. After the 2008 to 2011 GFC, manufacturers believed that increasing the supply of products and services would increase the demand. Breaking such economic rules might cause the European Central Bank a great deflation.  Most European countries are capable of borrowing from the central bank with an almost negative interest rate, in order to increase the number of people interested in national bonds and other credit facilities for the development of the Euro zone. This followed decrease in demand for credit facilities after the GFC. The intention was to reduce loan acquisition austerity implemented by most governments after the GFC (Burda and Wyplosz 2013, p. 19). Deflation is not only a problem of the European Central Bank (ECB), but for various manufacturers. In a normal price sensitive market, customers will always wait for a period in which the prices are very low. Delays in purchases reduce the value of the products in the market. When ECB decided to increase credit finance for the people of Europe, it meant that the euro zone would later subject itself to debt increment. The euro zone has many debt problems within the private sector and the government (Mayes and Viren 2004, p. 17). Through bureaucratic principles, the euro zone survives the bouts of the deflation even though fears continue to increase over the economic stability of the region in the next few decades. A decrease in aggregate demand and an increase in aggregate supply are results of both benign and malign deflation. The 2008 increase in interest rates and prices of commodities was evident because of the increased intake of loans in 2001 and 2007. Benign deflation occurred between 2001 and 2007 determined by a higher supply or productivity and a low demand for loans (Langdana 2009, p. 95).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Economic Deflation in the Euro Zone specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such level s of excess result in an increase in production capacity that exceeds the demand, and it causes a financial slump. In 2008, the demand for credit facility acquisition reduced because of the increase in the rate of interest on various loans. The IMF (International Monetary Fund) and the World Bank among other fiscal, but non-profit oriented institutions played limited role in reducing the risks associated with the deflation rates. The real estate bubble, low consumption power, and high productivity rates created an environment of confusion since the supply extremely exceeded the demand. Benign deflation signified most parts of the 19thcentury especially in relation to the GFC of the 1930s (Basci, Togan, and Hagen 2007, p. 144). A repeat was obvious in 2008 when the world was in the process of experiencing another GFC. Malign deflation occurred past the 19th century, and most European countries experience the effects of the economic concern. Arguably, there is no demand for the manufa ctured products and services.  Manufacturers and credit firms are very many and the competition is very stiff. Much concern is on the value and the security of a product or a bank offering the loan instead of the interest rates or the product quality. Malign deflation mostly results in organisational layoffs in order for companies to pay the employees. The exchequer also suffers because it has to collect taxes from the taxpayers who do not display the willingness to pay taxes. The negative multiplier scenario becomes evident because the country or the entire euro zone lacks a platform for increase in income, but has to spend on paying workers and outsourcing in order to increase supply of products and services (December 2014 euro system staff macroeconomic projections for the euro area 2014, p. 5). In essence, the productivity levels of countries increase, but there is no demand for the finished products and services. In return, the society fails to account for the needs of employ ees across diverse industries. Euro zone’s below target inflation While the US had the Federal Reserve respond to its GFC, the euro zone had to seek the intervention of the ECB. Between 2009 and 2010, Europe experienced the worst case of inflation that made the population refrain from home or business ownership. The FOMC Federal Open Market Committee began creating an appealing environment for mortgage acquisition by august 2010, and the ECB had to create an assurance for the security of investment in most banks within the euro zone. Characterised by the benign deflation, most credit facility acquirers relied on security and value. Price sensitivity became an issue mostly sought after by the societal minorities. In the US, the Federal Reserve (FDR) took a bold step in making credit facilities attractive to the populace between August and December in 2010 (Mankiw 2007, p. 112). Like a security bond or an initial public offer, the FOMC created an opportunity for LSAP (Large Sca le Asset Purchases) within the euro zone. The intention was to create an environment of economic stability or stimulus in order to encourage an increase in credit acquisition within the euro zone. In the US, the Federal Reserve ensured that by the end of the year 2010, it recovered fiscal investments while empowering the public to continue accessing credit facilities for mortgage acquisition.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many questions arise concerning euro zone’s preparation for low inflation by following in the footsteps of the FDR. According to the EIB (European Investment Bank), the euro faces the risk of depreciation. Arguably, the euro zone is in the process of transforming into a new Japan. Before the GFC in 2008, the region’s economy was 2% less than its current state, and the same seems to be the trend to date (Bentley 2008, p. 31). EIB mentions that the euro continues to weaken, while the Southern states continue to gain prowess for their efforts geared at stabilising the troubled economies. For instance, in Germany, industrial production reduced immensely one year after the euro zone experienced the GFC. The following graph illustrates the way recession affected the euro zone between August and December 2009. From the graph, the month of August 2009 presented a period in which many countries within the euro zone faced deflation. In most cases, supply increased while the pur chasing power decreased. The reason was that few people took interest in loan acquisition in order to get mortgage or real estate services in an already flooded market. Germany is yet to recover with a steady rising GDP of about 0.2% annually. Russia, Belgium, France, and Britain are in the process of increasing consumption power by producing quality and security driven products and services instead of concentrating on the price strategy. Russia, Greece, and Turkey experienced conflicts with the IMF as they had to respond to fiscal sanctions put in place after the countries became incapable of repaying their debts (Fertekligil 2001, p. 49). Euro zone’s concerns and risks associated with the deflation The 2009 global credit crunch resulted in an increase in the cost of energy and basic commodities. Consumers refrained from increased purchases and loan acquisition in order to spend on basic commodities. Houses became very expensive because real estate businesses owners who init ially gained from the deflation in 2008 increased the prices of houses in order to earn high profit margins. The rationale was also to repay the increased loan interest rates, which they would raise from the houses. Even though the ECB reduced the loan interest rates in 2011 in order to attract consumers into loan acquisition, few people displayed interest in loans. Most businesses used capitalist means to set prices for their commodities instead of depending on government controls or other avenues of consumer watch. Banks also resisted loans from the ECB, and in 2009, they only acquired only 0.19% of the offer. Out of the 42 billion Euros offered by the ECB, only 82 million Euros facilitated banks in the euro zone. Other associated risks include improvement of other continents, both household and national debt increase, and reduced expenditure (Minerd 2014). The central bank and domestic banks face the risk of losing clients to microfinance institutions that offer less secured, but prompt loans (Wolfson 2014) Mitigation measures The euro zone strived to find long term solutions to the problem of inflation by reducing the cost of product and service acquisition. It resulted in an increase in supply based on low costs of production, and decrease in demand. Most economics sceptics feel that the reduction in interest rates might be a risky step for the euro zone. The ECB governing council should be completely in support of the process, but few members feel that the deflation awaiting the region will be irreconcilable in the future. Besides reduction in loan interest rates, the ECB promoted the bond worth 10.5 billion Euros, whose response remains low. Initially, the inflation rate within the region was 0.2%, but today it is 0.4% meaning that the euro zone has to continue increasing interest in ECB credit facilities. With a low inflation rate displayed by a 2% annual decrease, chances are that the euro zone could end up with the greatest rate of deflation in the w orld history (Mankiw 2007, p. 128). In France, the central bank decided to issue out a 10-year bond period with an annual 2% reduction in inflation rate since 2006. By 2010, the euro dropped to $1.2437 affecting parts of Portugal, Spain, Scotland, Ireland, and Austria. ECB critics mention that the euro zone should strive at reflating the economy in order to reclaim the rightful fiscal position of the region in the world. Other mitigation measures include the introduction of prolonged loan repayment periods in order make loan repayment manageable for most credit facility acquirers. Continued efforts geared at increasing cash flow within the euro one create losses for the ECB (Herman n.d., p. 92). The effects of the malign inflation increase the rates of unemployment because the excessively low consumer demand translates into low rate of tax collection. On the other hand, the government has to fulfil the needs of the growing labour market while the rate of unemployment increases. Macr oeconomic variables Macroeconomics represents fiscal discussions involving an entire country. It encompasses the makeup of microeconomic debates resulting from household expenditure and its effects on the national expenditure. Variables at the macroeconomic level include economic input and economic output. The euro zone assesses such measure within the private and the public sector with much emphasis on the economic equilibrium, economic sustainability, and rates of employment. Economic Output Experts always measures economic output based on the amount that the society effectively contributes towards the growth of the Gross Domestic Product (Gertler and Rogoff, 2004, p. 13). By 2010, the amount of imports exceeded imports in Scotland, and it meant that the UK GDP slightly reduced by about 1.8% from 2008 to 2009. The measure of economic output results from the rate of unemployment, inflation rate, and interest rates among other factors. Unemployment rates The rate of unemployment in the UK is twice the rate of unemployment in the US today. About 16% of the entire employable population lacks the capability to work in an initially unemployed environment. Unemployment refers to the ratio of the population that has stable job opportunities over the population that lacks placement in a stable institution in which they earn income (Banerjee, Marcellino, and Masten 2005, p. 31). Through employment, people pay taxes, which earn the government revenue through the UK revenue authority. The UK over the past decade strives at creating an environment of a zero unemployment rate, which is extremely difficult to achieve if not impossible. The International Labour Law (ILO) uses the claimant count to measure the rate of employment and unemployment in the UK. According to the claimant count measure, only counts the potential population of workers who have requisite qualifications, but lack placement in the proper job positions (Armstrong, Caselli, Chadha, and Haan 2014). It als o establishes the rate of unemployment based on the population of workers who are seriously looking for employment and the benefits that accompany such positions without success.  Self-employed people who do not earn social security benefits do not qualify for the unemployed in the UK, because they have sources of income from the private sector. The following graph explains the rate of unemployment in the UK from the 1980s to 2001, which market the beginning of the global benign deflation. The rate of unemployment increased when the purchase power of the UK residents reduced in 2009.   The society made little contributions through taxations, which reduced the rate of human resource acquisition and retention within the public sector. As many people lack jobs, they do not contribute towards the economic development through tax contribution. In addition, the self-employed individuals in the private sector only get enough resources to fulfil basic needs. Most of them operate in non -regulated industries based on freelance engagement meaning that the government cannot ensure tax compliance. Without tax contribution or a society defined by tax evasion faces the risk of economic underdevelopment. It happens because the exchequer lacks enough resources to pay employees in the public sector (Ller 2013, p. 47). Recession and interest rates Consumer indices determine the level of inflation in different countries. In the UK, the society determines an increase in inflation rates when the consumer index reduces. It means that the people cannot afford basic commodities because of an obvious increase in the prices. When the retail price index (RPI) increases, it means that the rate of inflation is equally on the increase (Minerd 2014, p. 2). Most statisticians use the existing interest rates to determine the level of inflation in the banking sector. Today, for a country within the UK to acquire credit facilities, it should follow the due procedures set by the central bank . When the interest rates in the central bank increased, most banks feared getting loans, and business people equally feared seeking similar services from the local banking institutions. When the trend continues, the UK begins worrying about its macroeconomic position. High interest rates mean that the euro weakens against the dollar and investors are likely to shift gear towards continents that perform well. Nobody would face a high risk of credit acquisition in a bank or country with very high interest rates. When interest rates increased in 2009, most people in the UK shifted towards sustenance of their businesses instead of acquisition of homes, luxuries, and mortgage facilities (Main Macroeconomic Indicators n.d.). The UK reduced the interest rates in order to avoid the real estate bubble that affected the euro zone and the US after the GFC. The UK believes in the creation of a stable macroeconomic environment by maintaining stable prices of commodities even in the face of a GF C, but the mitigation plan remains unachievable (Bentley 2008, p. 34). When inflation occurs, the cost of production increases, and only the companies dealing in consumables have the assurance of making profits. Non consumable products especially in the luxury sector face the risk of immobility in an inflated market. Concerns include the possibility of a global deflation already signified by a reduction in the aggregate demand for goods and services. The price strategy remains very relevant in the determination of quality assurance for goods and services in the market. When consumers fail to create a link between product benefits and prices then the purchasing power automatically reduces. Economic input Economic input signified by what the exchequer and the banks do to avoid inflation remains very important in microeconomics discussions. The variables under investigation include the economic equilibrium, equality, and fiscal sustainability. Economic sustainability The UK measures ec onomic sustainability through its actual and potential GDP. The actual GDP represents that the real measure of economic growth annually after eliminating the aspects of recession that affected the potential GDP (Akers 2014). A steady growth in the GDP signified by the 2% growth rate of the UK for the past 8 years means that the region has the potential of creating a sustainable employment environment. In 2009, the growth rate was reverse as the economy of the UK indicated a 0.2% growth rate, which resulted in low rates of full employment. Underemployment became a concern as most companies lay off workers in order to cater for the needs of a section of employees. In 2011, the economic stimulus process adopted and the labour law adopted by the employers in the UK resulted in the absorption of many unemployed people. Equality and equilibrium The UK has a huge number of immigrants, but it still strives at creating an environment in which its citizens are capable of enjoying the resource s without any form of discrimination. In order to provide an excellent environment of growth while still sustaining its Foreign Direct Investment, the UK has to imitate Japan. Currently, Japan leads in the production of surplus commodities even when the demand dies not match the supply (Fall in euro zone inflation rate fuels deflation concerns 2014). At the macroeconomic level, surplus production attracts interest from investors and foreigners who are likely to acquire the affordable products and services (Objectives of government macroeconomic policy 2014, p. 2). When FDI fails to solve the problem of recession in a country, high probabilities include the possibility of countries running into financial deficits as indicated in the graph. The graph gives credit to Japan that has a sustainable growth rate in the GDP enabling many people to get equal employment opportunities even in the face of a GFC. Establishment of a state of equilibrium remains a high priority for most countries including the UK. The UK displays interest in creating demand for the supplied products and services contrary to initial marketing strategies in which the supply responded to the prevailing demand. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) qualifies a steady economic growth and the market equilibrium as elements of macroeconomic growth (Riley 2012, p. 4). The WTO mentions that competition between countries creates an environment of sanity because countries have to understand that consumer satisfaction at the microeconomic level has a direct impact on growth at the macroeconomic level. As such, competition between Japan and the UK should continue until the UK is capable of surplus production. Maintenance of equilibrium between demand and supply is the only solution to inflation because the RPI will also reduce automatically. In summary, at the macroeconomic level, countries have to assess the economic outputs and inputs that are relative depending on the type of market involved in the discu ssion. Most countries within the euro zone have relatively close GDPs except for the few facing financial sanctions by the IMF. At the macroeconomic level, politics, technology, and socio-environmental factors have a direct impact on the economics of a country (Wickens 2011, p. 36). Conclusion The GFC affected different parts of the world; the responses towards the economic crisis were different. The euro zone might face a worst economic deflation in an attempt to lower the risks of the 2008 recession. The mitigation measures adopted by the euro zone are short term, but the most appropriate for the season. However, the changing economic environment that calls for increase FDI efforts makes it impossible to have unique ways of dealing with global financial crises that affect everyone in the world. References Akers, H 2014, What Are Key Macroeconomic Variables?, http://www.ehow.com/info_8180727_key-macroeconomic-variables.html Armstrong, A., Caselli, F., Chadha, J., and Haan, W 2014, Eurozone deflation could derail UK recovery: Results of the second Centre for Macroeconomics survey, http://www.voxeu.org/article/eurozone-deflation-survey-uk-based-macroeconomists Banerjee, A., Marcellino, M., and Masten, I 2005, Forecasting macroeconomic variables for the new member states of the European Union, European Central Bank, Frankfurt. Basci, E., Togan, S., and Hagen, J. V 2007, Macroeconomic policies for EU accession, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK. Bentley, D 2008, Inflation: Roles, targeting, and dynamics, Nova Science, New York. Burda, M. C., and Wyplosz, C 2013, Macroeconomics: a European text, Oxford University Press, Oxford. December 2014 euro system staff macroeconomic projections for the euro area 2014, http://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/eurosystemstaffprojections201412.en.pdf Fall in euro zone inflation rate fuels deflation concerns 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/business-25976377 Ferrero, A 2014, Desperate times, desperate measures, The Economist, http://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2014/01/deflation-euro-zone-0 Fertekligil, M 2001, European monetary union and its impact on the Turkish economy, http://edoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/HALCoRe_derivate_00005724/196-414-1-SM.pdf Gertler, M., and Rogoff, K 2004, NBER macroeconomics annual 2003, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Gnos, C., and Rochon, L. P 2011, Credit, Money and Macroeconomic Policy a Post-Keynesian Approach, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham. Herman, S 2012, The recession Kama sutra, Summersdale, Chichester. Jones, C 2014, Dovish Draghi boosts hopes of ECB stimulus, The Financial Times, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e2bcc510-7160-11e4-818e-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3NTjAZVPR Langdana, F. K 2009, Macroeconomic policy demystifying monetary and fiscal policy, Springer, New York. Ller, J 2013, The global economy in transition: Debt and resource scarcities, World Scientific, Hackensack, N.J. Main Macroeconomic Indicators n.d., http:// www.markets.com/education/fundamental-analysis/main-economic-indicators.html Mankiw, N. G 2007, Brief principles of macroeconomics, Thomson South-Western, Mason, OH. Mayes, D., and Viren, M 2004, Asymmetries in the Euro area economy, Suomen Pankki, Helsinki. Minerd, S 2014, Europe must act now to avoid ‘lost decade’, The Financial Times, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/cf718a1c-5a0a-11e4-be86-00144feab7de.html#axzz3NTjAZVPR Objectives of government macroeconomic policy 2014, http://www.tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/macroeconomy/government_policy.htm Riley, G 2012, Deflation, http://tutor2u.net/economics/revision-notes/a2-macro-deflation.html The autumn statement: ‘Tis not the season 2014, The Economist, http://www.economist.com/news/britain/21635617-george-osborne-makes-up-lack-giveaways-bold-tax-reform-tis-not-season Wickens, M 2011, Macroeconomic theory: a dynamic general equilibrium approach, Princeton University Press, Princeton. Wolfson, P 2014, Coming soon? , The Economist, http://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2014/12/euro-zone-qe-0 This report on Economic Deflation in the Euro Zone was written and submitted by user Jaydin J. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Life of Randall Kenan essays

The Life of Randall Kenan essays Randall Kenan was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1963. However, he spent most of his childhood in Chinquapin, North Carolina. He graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he received a B.A. in English in 1985. From 1985 to 1989, he worked in the editorial staff of Alfred A. Knopf, publishers. He now teaches at the University of Memphis where he serves as a thesis director. Kenan is known for his work and his definition of black in America. Growing up in North Carolina with skin the color of coffee without cream made it hard for Kenan to succeed. On his road to success, he came across Gabriel Garcia Marquez, an author whose work influenced him to write. Marquez was an enormous influence on Kenans state of being and his way of looking at the world. Kenan said that black is a true ghost of the mind. He believed that within certain segments of the African-American community, there could be certain attitudes that somebody is blacker than another person is. He realizes that being black means something different to each person. He finds that the historical imprint of oppression is a common element, which some recognize and some block out. With this attitude and kind of influence, his passion for the world and writing expanded. Kenan is famous for writing A Visitation of Spirits, Let the Dead Bury Their Dead, and Walking on Water: Black American Lives at the Turn of the Twentieth Century. All of his work is based on the same philosophy. They deal with the political, economic, and social issues of being black. His first novel, A Visitation of Spirits was published in 1989. It vividly portrays four generations of a Southern black family in rural North Carolina. In this novel, Kenan speaks eloquently and with a great deal of courage about personal and communal strife within the black community. Three years after the publication of h ...

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Threats to validity - Essay Example 231). Owing to the involved period, participants to an experiment may adjust to the experimental environment and realign physically, psychologically, or emotionally due to maturation in the set environment or towards expectations (Jackson, 2011). A hypothetical case to history, as a threat to validity, involves an experiment, carried over a ‘six-month’ period, to test effectiveness of a depression therapy. While the participants’ stay in the experimental environment over time, and not the particular therapy may have psychological and emotional impacts to reduce the participants’ depression level, the researcher may be misled to believe that the therapy is effective in managing the level of depression (Jackson, 2011). These types of threats to validity are very difficult to recognize and control. This is because they are majorly psychologically subconscious factors in participants that are not evident to both a researcher and a participant. They can however be controlled through precautionary measures such as application of an â€Å"equivalent control group† to eliminate the effects on validity (Jackson, 2011, p.

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Journal Reflection - Essay Example Museums maximize on this because positive attitudes build inside their visitors the desire and value of returning again (Black 26). This is a plus for them because of the assurance of flow of incentives. A negative experience is when my English teacher chose me for a presentation during a symposium in our school which was attended by neighboring schools. I was a freshman and the ten minutes duration seemed very long. Fear engulfed me causing me to terribly shake in front of a huge and expectant crowd, despite I being a smart student. This happened because of lack of self-confidence and courage as I had never been exposed to such a large gathering. However, had I composed myself and risen above my fear, the presentation would have greatly been successful. From this, I learnt that public speech requires putting scripts in order and assuming eye contact with the crowd in front. It is good to record few points for a good flow of ideas during the presentation. Successful and failed academic experiences have taught me great opportunities students have that can spur them to greater heights. It is therefore important to be ready as a good student in the future since that can be my only chan ce for stepping into another

Drivers License for Illegal Immigrants Essay Example for Free

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Serial Killers Essay -- Papers Psychology Murder Crime Essays

Serial Killers Introduction to Psychology Introduction In the past two decades, the creature known as the serial killer has captured the attention of the American culture. With the dozens of books and movies centered around serial killers the term has become a trendy catch phrase, replacing earlier terms such as "homicidal maniac". Fiction and screenwriters use the term "serial killers" with such casual abandon that is seems the meaning of the term escapes them. Acknowledgements I would like to thank my family and friends for encouraging me back to school so I can one day parlay my BIZARRE interest into a bonafide career. Justification of Problem Are serial killers born or made? What stops us from killing a disloyal friend or total stranger with nice shoes? Or ? to rephrase the question ? what fails to stop some people from committing such murders? This question has baffled psychologist, sociologists and criminologists for many years, and is the very essence of trying to establish the nature of this crime. The born or made argument, known as the "Nature versus Nurture" debate, asks whether criminality is due to genetic factors, and therefore unavoidable, or whether it is the product of social situations, environmental surroundings or other external factors. While the debate is a noble one, we must first answer the question ? What is a serial killer? Literature Review On February 9, 1978, 12 year-old Kimberly Leach disappeared; she was found in the first week of April, her body discovered near Suwanee State Park. In 1609, 25 handpicked daughters of Polish nobles left home to attend instruction in social graces at the Csejthe Castle; none left alive. The body of Rose Ambramovitz was found sprawled a... ...nd just as the heroin addict?s need for a fix may drive him to steal, the serial killer?s obligation to the fantasy drives him to murder. In short, the cycle of the serial killer is no different from the cycle of any other addict, the end result being functionally the same as the heroin addict?s theft. Bibliography: References Abrahamsen, David. (1973). The Murdering Mind. New York: Harper & Row. Alexander, Bruce. (1988). "The Disease and Adaptive Models of Addiction." In Stanton Peele (ed.), Visions of Addiction. Lexington: DC Heath & Company. Rule, Ann. (1996). "The I-45 Killer". New York: New American Library. Schechter, Harold & Everitt, David. (1996). "A to Z: Encyclopedia of Serial Killers". New York: Pocket Books. U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee. (1984). "Serial Murders". Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office

Toiiiiiiiiiiiwo social psychological theories of aggression

Bandura’s Social Learning Theory suggests that acts of aggression are learnt through the observation of role models. His original â€Å"Bobo Doll† study showed that when exposed to aggressive behavior small children copied this behavior, not just by being physically aggressive but even copying the verbally aggressive behavior. However this study focuses on children who are supposed to learn in this manner, this doesn’t demonstrate that this would also be true in older children or adults who already have a set moral compass that would interfere with copying aggressive behaviors.However Bandura’s later study showed that if children saw someone get punished for aggressive behavior they were less likely to be aggressive themselves when they were allowed to play with the bobo doll but if they saw someone get rewarded for this aggressive behavior then they were much more likely to act aggressively themselves, this shows that vicarious reinforcement is important to the learning of aggression through the social learning theory, as receiving direct positive reinforcement leads to people having high self efficacy making them very likely to repeat the aggressive behaviour that they were rewarded for.In terms of aggression this reward could come in many forms such as acceptance from a violent gang they want to be a part of or just attention from a parent or teacher. Moreover, Walter and Thomas' study in 1963 further supported this theory as the results of the study demonstrated that aggressive behavior was a result of imitation of role models. However, the social learning theory does not explain what triggers aggression. Additionally, the study emphasizes nurture and learning through observation – ignoring nature and biological explanations.On the other hand, Zimbardo’s theory of Deindividuation suggests that aggressive behavior occurs in groups as a person’s normal constraints become weakened when they are part of a group a s they take of the identity of the crowd as they feel that when part of a group their own actions are no longer bad making aggressive behaviour easier as they do not seem it as themselves carrying out the aggressive behaviour but the group as a whole as they become faceless, just part of the group not an individual.Commonly members of violent or aggressive groups have a reduced private self  awareness as they have some kind of tie to the rest of the group that makes them become a faceless member of the crowd, examples of this are common items of clothing in gangs and at football matches as supporters wear the same clothing and are all sat together. Zimbardo formed this theory around his Stanford Prison experiment where when the guards were giving a common uniform they became much more aggressive in their behaviour towards the prisoners as they became â€Å"guards† so felt that as a guard behaviour they would normally not see as acceptable suddenly became the appropriate res ponse to their own frustrations.However in contrast with this the prisoners were all deindividuated but apart from one small failed act of rebellion they did not become aggressive, in fact they became more obedient and passive, this suggests the Deindividuation of an individual as part of a group only leads to aggressive behaviour if aggression is what is expected of the group such as violence being the expected behaviour from teenage gangs.Like Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, this doesn’t explain what causes aggression but this does suggest that in some causes individuals themselves do not feel any kind of cue for the aggression they demonstrate but act in that way because the rest of the group does explaining how large scale acts of aggression can commonly occur as it could only require a small number of people to actually have a cue such as frustration to trigger the aggressive behaviour.

The Common Themes Of Zen Buddhism - 1429 Words

Zen Buddhism can be fairly confusing to the average person; the teachings and stories may come across as arbitrary or nonsensical. However, do not let that deter you from getting to experience a religion that offers a highly different perspective of the world. The focus will be on analyzing some of the common themes of Zen Buddhism which is comprised in the â€Å"Zen Slogan† (associated with the First Patriarch). The phrase is: â€Å"a special transmission outside of the teachings not established upon words and letters; it directly points to the human mind and seeing one’s Nature one becomes a Buddha.† The goal is to explore the meanings that each of these lines convey, and how they might have been shaped by the previous ideologies of Indian†¦show more content†¦However, that is not the case as we explore the next line of this slogan. These transmissions are â€Å"not established on words and letters†, which further highlights the distinct nature of this process. Going back to the interaction between Bodhidharma and Huiko, â€Å"Finally Huiko bowed and remained standing at his seat.† The master said, â€Å"you have gained by marrow† (Foster and Shoemaker 8). This interaction clearly emphasizes how these teachings are not passed down based on words. One might wonder, what significance does bowing have in response to the master’s question? The answer can be related to the Daoist text, The Daodejing, â€Å"The Way that can be spoken of is not the constant Way† (Theodore, Bloom 79). In this case, â€Å"The Way† means enlightenment, and the solution does not involve words. Indeed, Daoism has made an impression in the Chan teachings; however, there do seem to be exceptions to this transmission style. The sixth Patriarch Huineng composed a verse that conveyed the idea of emptin ess, â€Å"Bodhi originally has no tree. The bright mirror also has no stand. Fundamentally there is not a single thing. Where could dust arise?† (McRae 62). 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